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- ENVIRONMENT, Page 70Fish Mining on The Open Seas
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- The U.S. seeks a new deal with Japan to curb use of killer nets
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- The huge webs of strong nylon mesh, known as drift nets,
- can cover a slice of ocean up to 40 miles wide and 40 ft. deep.
- In North Pacific waters, fishermen from Japan, South Korea and
- Taiwan routinely let the nets float for as long as nine hours
- at night. They are intended to catch squid, but they also scoop
- up sea turtles, porpoises, seals, birds and various kinds of
- fish. Environmentalists call them killer nets and accuse those
- who use them of "strip-mining" the ocean.
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- Of particular concern to the U.S. and Canada is the damage
- inflicted by the nets on North Pacific stocks of sea trout and
- salmon. U.S. fishing-industry representatives claim that some
- Asian fishermen have been pulling large numbers of salmon out
- of nets intended for squid. As a result, they say, fewer young
- fish return to North American spawning streams.
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- A 1987 U.S. law called for international cooperation in
- monitoring catches on the open seas and enforcing fishing
- constraints. The U.S. and Japan later reached an agreement
- under which 32 U.S. observers would go aboard 460 Japanese
- squid-catching vessels to determine their fishing locations and
- count the number of sea creatures unintentionally killed by
- their nets. But after U.S. diplomats had worked out the
- arrangement, National Marine Fisheries Service officials
- declared it to be insufficiently stringent and called for
- revisions. Last week Commerce Secretary Robert Mosbacher told
- the State Department that the pact was unacceptable and would
- have to be renegotiated. Japan, however, is unwilling to reopen
- the negotiations. Japanese fishing officials point out that U.S.
- salmon fishermen use the same kind of drift nets that Asians do.
- The American versions, however, are many times smaller.
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- U.S. officials hope any final agreement reached with Japan
- will serve as a model for similar deals with Taiwan and South
- Korea. But they may resist U.S. pressure. Says T.F. Chen, a
- Taiwanese marine fisheries official: "We could never allow
- foreign representatives to board and inspect (our boats). We can
- handle the enforcement ourselves."
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